Rough handling of seed greatly reduces germination.
IMPORTANT: Do not use treated seed for food or feed.
Note. Growers in Maryland are required to have a special permit when using lindane.
Disease Control
Anthracnose.
Use western-grown seed and rotate to allow 2 years between bean plantings. When disease is appearing and environment favors development, use the following:
azoxystrobin (Quadris--6.2 - 15.4 oz 2.08F/A or Amistar--2-5 oz 80WDG/A, or
Headline--6-9 fl oz 2.1IEC/A (snap beans only)
Bacterial Blight.
Use western-grown seed. Fixed copper (1 lb ai/A) is of some value in reducing spread where incidence is low. See label for rates.
Bacterial Brown Spot.
This seed-borne disease occurs primarily on lima beans and is more troublesome in irrigated fields. Fixed copper (1 lb ai/A) is of some value in reducing spread where incidence is low. See label for rates.
Snap Bean Rust.
Rust is a problem only in late summer. Roma and Spurt are quite resistant to this disease. For the other varieties, spray when the disease first appears, and repeat every 7 days.
azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris)--2 oz 80WDG/A or OLF,
or
chlorothalonil (Bravo, Echo, Equus)--3 pt 6F/A or OLF. Do not use treated area for grazing or feed plant parts to livestock, or
Nova--4-5 oz40W/A
Soybean Rust.
It has not been determined yet if soybean rust is going to be a production problem in the Mid-Atlantic area on snap bean and lima bean. If soybean rust should threaten these crops, experience indicates that preventative applications are best.
azoxystrobin (Quadris--6.2 - 15.4 oz 2.08F/A or Amistar--2-5 oz 80WDG/A, or
Headline--6-9 fl oz 2.1IEC/A (snapbeans only at the present time)
Nova--4-5 oz40W/A (snap beans only)
Section 18 registrations may be available for other fungicides for soybean rust on legumess other than soybean. Check with Extension or your pesticide dealer for updates.
Root Rots.
Rotate beans with nonlegume crops. Avoid poorly drained soils. Plow under previous crop residue rather than disking it. Root rot is caused by a complex of soilborne fungi including Rhizoctonia, Pythium and Fusarium. The primary fungus causing root rot in the mid-Atlantic region is Pythium. Pythium causes extensive damage in July and August during periods of warm, humid weather. Pythium can also cause extensive pod rot on snap beans. Select varieties that set high in the plant and use a close row spacing to avoid pod contact with the soil to reduce disease incidence. Apply one of the following at planting:
Ridomil Gold--0.5-1 pt 4E/A. Apply in a 7-inch band over the row at seeding. (for Pythium only)
To provide control of root rot caused by Pythium and Rhizoctonia, apply the following:
Ridomil Gold PC--12 oz 11G/1,000 linear ft. Adjust application equipment so that granules are uniformly applied in the furrow at planting. To provide control of root rot caused by Rhizoctonia, apply the following:
Apply in a band up to 7 inches wide.
azoxystrobin (Quadris at 0.4-0.8 fl oz 2.08F/1000 ft of row or Amistar at 0.125-0.25 fl oz 80WDG/1000 ft of row.
Lima Bean Downy Mildew.
Races B, D, E, and F have been found in the mid-Atlantic area during the past 10 years. Race F was the predominant race detected on suseptible varieties in 2003 and 2004. Use resistant varieties where possible. Conditions for disease are favorable when fields recieve 1.2 inches or more of rain within 7 days and when the average daily temperature during this period is 78¡F (25.6¡C) or less. If a period of 90¡F (32.2¡C) occurs during this period, the cycle is broken and an additional 7-day period with the above weather conditions is necessary to start infection. Periods of fog or heavy dew can lower the amount of rain necessary for infection to occur. Since environmental conditions vary from field to field and in different locations within a field, use the above information as a guideline. Fields that are not rotated and planted to susceptible varieties should be scouted regularly for disease occurrence. When weather conditions are favorable for disease or when disease is observed in the field, use the following:
copper, fixed (Champ DP, Kocide 2000)--2 lb 58DP/A or OLF
Section 24 (c) registrations in DE and MD are in effect for the use of Ridomil Gold/ Copper (2lb/A). Other states should check with Extension or their chemical supplier for updates.
Lima Bean Pod Blight (Phytophthora capsici).
Rotate away from other susceptible crops such as peppers, cucurbits, and tomatoes. Avoid heavy irrigations at night. In fields with a history of Phytophthora blight on peppers and cucurbits, applications of a fixed copper fungicide every 7-10 days may be beneficial for control.
White Mold (Sclerotinia) and Gray Mold (Botrytis).
Preplant: For white mold only, the following biological fungicide has been tested in some states; however, limited information is available on effectiveness in the Mid-Atlantic region. Apply 3 to 4 months prior to the onset of disease to allow the active agent to reduce inoculum levels of sclerotia in the soil. Following application, incorporate to a depth of 1 to 2 inches, but do not plowbefore seeding beans to avoid untreated sclerotia in lower soil layers from infesting the upper soil layer.
Contans--2-4 lb 5.3WG/A
Post seeding Close spacing of snap beans may increase the potential for white mold in Pennsylvania. Fungicide sprays are needed only when the soil has been wet for 6 to 10 days before bloom. For snap beans, a fungicide should be applied when 70 to 80 percent of the plants have one or more open blossoms. A second spray should be made 5 to 6 days after the first spray, if the soil remains wet and blossoms are still present. For lima beans, additional fungicideapplications would be beneficial if favorable environmental conditions persist. Use one of the following and add a surfactant to enhance control:
Endura--8-11 oz 70W/A, or
Rovral--l.5-2 lb 5OWP/A, or
Topsin M--l.5-2 lb 85WDGIA or OLF, or
Topsin M--l1.2 oz 85WDGIAplus Bravo 1.5 pts 6F/A (snap bean only)
Information provided is intended for consideration by the user, but is not intended to be a recommendation. Production decisions should be based on consideration of many types of information (scientific, experiential, economic, legal, etc.) available to the user.
Where trade names are used no discrimination is intended, and no endorsement by the Cooperative Extension Service is implied.
Dr. Alan A. MacNab, Professor, Plant Pathology
Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences
211 Buckhout Lab, University Park, PA 16802
Updated: Nov, 2005; EMH
Loaded: Nov, 2005; EMH