| Disease |
Symptoms |
Pathogen/Cause |
Management |
| Leaf Scorch |
Circular to irregular tan spots appear in early
spring or summer. Tiny black fungal fruiting structures pepper
the spot surface as a result of attack by a secondary fungus. |
Young leaves formed during cool, damp weather
are damaged easily if exposed to hot, dry, windy weather. |
No control is recommended. |
| Nematodes |
Yellowing, stunting, and twig dieback occur.
The root system is small, has dead areas, and galls in some
cases. |
Criconemella,
Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus,
or Tylenchorhenchus |
An analysis of soil and roots must be done to
confirm that nematodes are actually causing the symptoms. Care
for plants well so that they are not under stress from othe
factors. If the shrub is replaced, first fumigate and thoroughly
aerate the soil. |
| Spine Spot |
Pinhead or larger spots, frequently surrounded
by a purple halo appear on leaves in late winter and early spring. |
Once thought to be caused by the sharp points
of leaves puncturing each other, spine spot is now known to
be caused by the ovipositing of certain insects. |
No control is recommended. |
| Tar Spot |
Small yellow spots form on leaves and turn reddish
brown with a small yellow halo later in the summer. In the autumn,
a flat black, cushion-shaped fungal structure forms beneath
the leaf surface. |
Rhytisma prini |
No control is recommended. |
| Thielaviopsis Root Rot |
Plants are stunted and have a branch dieback.
Roots are blackened. |
Thielaviopsis |
Inspect the roots of containerized hollies before
planting. Do not use those with any blackened roots. Apply a
fungicide as a soil drench to protect healthy roots. |
